Physical education is an important part of human culture and becoming a professional Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kirov State Medical University" of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation Department of Physical Culture
Physical culture - is an organized human activity, the main means of which are physical exercises and which is aimed at strengthening health, preparing for labor and military activities.
The purpose of physical culture is to satisfy the social need for physically healthy, harmoniously developed people. Tasks of physical culture: 1. creation or restoration of material and spiritual values in the field of physical culture. 2. mastering material and spiritual values in the field of physical culture. 3. the transfer of these values to subsequent generations.
The purpose of physical culture is to optimize the physical development of a person in unity with the education of spiritual and moral qualities, to prepare each person for work and other activities. A means is something by which goals are achieved. As means of physical culture, the following are used: physical exercises, natural forces of nature (sun, air and water, their hardening effect), hygienic factors (personal hygiene — daily routine, sleep hygiene, diet, work, body hygiene, sportswear, shoes, places of employment, rejection of bad habits). Their complex interaction provides the greatest health and developmental effect.
The main means of physical culture is physical exercises. Physical exercises are repetitive motor actions that manifest themselves in the form of movements of the human body and its parts in space and time. They are repeated in order to influence the physical and mental properties of a person. Also, the means of physical culture include the healing forces of nature : the sun, fresh air and water. They are the means of hardening the body, their use slows down the process of fatigue, has a positive effect on the emotional background. Hygiene factors also belong to the means of physical culture. These include personal and public hygiene (cleanliness of the body, cleanliness of places of employment and air), compliance with the regime of the day and work, diet, sleep, etc. Failure to comply with these requirements reduces the positive effect of physical exercise.
Main Auxiliary natural forces of nature, hygienic factors, equipment and inventory, methods of conducting classes, etc. physical exercises
1. according to the developed physical quality (strength, speed, endurance, dexterity, flexibility) 2. according to the developed part of the body (on the arms, on the legs, on the biceps, on the triceps) 3. according to the nature of movement (cyclic and acyclic)
Teaching methods Methods of development of physical qualities
General principles of F/C Principles of training Principles of the development of physical qualities
Harmonious development Wellness orientation Connections with labor and military activities
training sessions, trainings, competitions, outdoor games independent classes
The main components of physical culture F/C Sport Physical education Physical recreation Physical rehabilitation Physical stabilization
Sport is a part of physical culture. In it, a person strives to expand the boundaries of his capabilities, this is a huge world of emotions generated by successes and failures, a popular spectacle, an effective means of educating and self-education of a person. Sport is actually a competitive activity and special preparation for it. He lives by certain rules and norms of behavior. It clearly shows the desire to win, to achieve high results that require the mobilization of physical, mental and moral qualities of a person. Therefore, they often talk about the athletic character of people who successfully manifest themselves in competitions.
Physical education. Included in the system of education and upbringing, starting from preschool institutions, it characterizes the basis of physical fitness of people — the acquisition of vital motor skills and abilities, the versatile development of physical abilities. Its important elements are the "school" of movements, the system of gymnastic exercises and the rules for their implementation, with the help of which the child develops the ability to control movements, the ability to coordinate them in different combinations; a system of exercises for the rational use of forces when moving in space (the main ways of walking, running, swimming, skating, skiing, etc.), when overcoming obstacles, throwing, lifting and carrying weights; the "school" of the ball (playing volleyball, basketball, handball, football, tennis, etc.).
Physical rehabilitation It is associated with the targeted use of physical exercises as a means of treating diseases and restoring body functions that have been disrupted or lost due to diseases, injuries, overwork and other causes. Its variety is therapeutic physical culture, which has a wide range of tools and methods related to the nature of diseases, injuries or other disorders of the body's functions. Physical recreation Its funds are used in the mode of active recreation (tourism, sports and recreational activities).
