Проект создавали: Петров Илья, Опоев Антон
Промышленность и транспорт — едва ли не главные источники загрязнения почвы нефтяными шламами, мазутом, гудроном, керосином, бензином, различными растворителями и красителями, красками, лаками и родственными продуктами. Самая большая концентрация загрязнения плодородных грунтов нефтепродуктами происходит в районах нефтедобычи и городах. Там она может в сотни раз превышать фоновые значения. Oil and petroleum products
In the winter months, substances with an anti-icing effect are used on the roadway and sidewalks for the safety of cars and pedestrians. Most often they consist of table (technical) salt, sand-salt mixture, calcium chloride or sodium chloride. In large concentrations, salt negatively affects the soil, depriving it of its fertile properties over time. Deicing reagents
Industrial enterprises and road transport emit into the atmosphere salts of cadmium, copper, chromium, nickel, cobalt, mercury, arsenic and manganese, lead compounds of sulfur, nitrogen and chlorine, harmful to humans, animals and plants, which settle in the soil and change its natural parameters. Heavy metal salts, gases and phenols
Industrial cultivation of agricultural products cannot do without processing fields with fertilizers and means that promote plant growth and protect against pests — herbicides, pesticides, insecticides and fungicides. Most of them contain elements toxic to the soil. Agrochemicals
This type of pollution is evidenced by the accumulation of too many pathogenic organisms in the soil — bacteria, fungi, algae, viruses, insects or pollen. If the concentration of biomass is exceeded, it poses a serious danger to the environment and human health. Biological pollution
contamination of the earth's surface, atmosphere, water or food, food raw materials, feed and various items with radioactive substances in quantities exceeding the level established by radiation safety standards and rules for working with radioactive substances. Z.R. occurs during a nuclear explosion, destruction of radiation-hazardous facilities or accidents at these facilities. Radiation pollution
Severe chemical pollution of the soil is caused by human household and economic activities. The most noticeable negative impact is caused by industrial pollution — the systematic introduction of chemicals into the soil, uncontrolled industrial waste, radioactive contamination, acid precipitation. Harmful substances enter the soil with household and construction debris, waste from heating systems, emissions from transport, industrial and agricultural enterprises, sewage, sewage, food waste, garbage from public institutions — hotels, shops, canteens, hospitals and so on. Anthropogenic sources
